SharePoint 2016 CU installation failure: "Exception: The upgraded database schema doesn't match the TargetSchema"

After installing CU 201606 for SharePoint 2016, "SharePoint 2016 Products Configuration Wizard" threw out error:

Database is in compatibility range and upgrade is recommended

In ULS log doesn't help much, and Windows Event Viewer tell us:

Failed to upgrade SharePoint Products.
An exception of type Microsoft.SharePoint.PostSetupConfiguration.PostSetupConfigurationTaskException was thrown.  Additional exception information: The upgrade command is invalid or a failure has been encountered.
Failed to upgrade SharePoint Products.
Microsoft.SharePoint.PostSetupConfiguration.PostSetupConfigurationTaskException: Exception of type 'Microsoft.SharePoint.PostSetupConfiguration.PostSetupConfigurationTaskException' was thrown.
   at Microsoft.SharePoint.PostSetupConfiguration.UpgradeTask.Run()
   at Microsoft.SharePoint.PostSetupConfiguration.TaskThread.ExecuteTask()

So I went to Central Admin, and then clicked "Upgrade and Migration" page:

It brings us here:

http://pdspc01:9000/upgradeandmigration.aspx

We can see that the content database "SP_Content_team80_tmp" caused the problem.

It's easy to solve the problem. Just run the PowerShell script below:

Upgrade-SPContentDatabase SP_Content_team80_tmp -NoB2BSiteUpgrade -Confirm:$false

Then, re-run "SharePoint 2016 Products Configuration Wizard".

Done.

Hope this trick save you some time   :-)

[update, 2016-08-17]

One line of PS script to upgrade all content databases.

Get-SPContentDatabase | ?{$_.NeedsUpgrade –eq $true} | Upgrade-SPContentDatabase -Confirm:$false

[update, 2016-12-07]

To upgrade all content databases including Central Admin site:

Get-SPWebApplication -IncludeCentralAdministration | Get-SPContentDatabase | ?{$_.NeedsUpgrade –eq $true} | Upgrade-SPContentDatabase -Confirm:$false

[update, 2018-03-16]

According to this link, we may need to run the script below (after running the script above):

PSConfig.exe -cmd upgrade -inplace b2b -force -cmd applicationcontent -install -cmd installfeatures

Then we can run the "SharePoint Products Configuration Wizard".